6-Benzyladenine (6-BAP) is a synthetic cytokinin-like plant growth regulator. It is absorbed by germinating seeds, roots, young shoots, and leaves, with limited mobility within the plant. BA exhibits multiple physiological effects:
– Promotes cell division
– Induces differentiation in undifferentiated tissues
– Enhances cell enlargement and growth
– Stimulates seed germination
– Breaks bud dormancy and promotes growth
– Inhibits chlorophyll degradation, delaying senescence
– Modulates enzyme activity (either activation or inhibition)
– Influences the growth of stems, leaves, and roots
– Breaks apical dominance, promoting lateral bud growth
– Induces flower bud formation and flowering
For Wheat:
Soaking seeds in a 15–20 mg/L benzyladenine (BA) solution for 24 hours, or foliar spraying with a 2.5–25 mg/L BA solution at the two-leaf-one-heart stage, can:
– Enhance germination rate and vigor
– Improve seedling tolerance to low temperatures and drought
– Mitigate heavy metal stress damage
*(Note: The effects vary depending on wheat varieties.)*
For Rice:
Soaking seeds in a 20 mg/L BA solution for 48 hours:
– Increases germination rate by 5% compared to the control (water treatment)
– Promotes faster and more uniform germination
– Enhances seedling quality and stress resistance
– Reduces early-season rice seedling rot by 48%
– Improves seedling survival rate by 21.8%
– Contributes to increased late-stage yield in early rice
For Corn：
Soaking seeds with 2.25 mg/L benzylaminopurine for 18 hours can improve germination rate, strengthen seedlings, promote thicker roots, deepen leaf color, increase plant height, and enhance dry matter accumulation. At the three-leaf and one-heart stage, foliar spraying with a 2.25 mg/L benzylaminopurine solution can increase photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic carboxylase activity, and cell-protective enzyme activity under water stress conditions. It also reduces stomatal resistance and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, mitigates membrane damage caused by reactive oxygen species, and enhances drought resistance in seedlings.
For Potato：
Soaking tuber bases with 10–20 mg/L benzylaminopurine for 6–12 hours accelerates seedling emergence and promotes robust seedling growth.
For Cotton
Soaking aged cotton seeds with 1.5–2 mg/L benzylaminopurine for 6–7 hours moderately enhances germination and provides varying degrees of protection to the cell membrane system.
For Melon：
Soaking seeds with 20 mg/L benzylaminopurine for 6 hours improves germination rate and accelerates seedling emergence. During the seedling stage, foliar spraying with 30–50 mg/L benzylaminopurine inhibits stem diameter and root elongation but enhances peroxidase (POD) activity and improves seedling stress resistance.
For Tomato：
Soaking seeds with 10 mg/L benzylaminopurine for 6 hours promotes germination, significantly enhances seed vigor, and positively affects early growth indicators such as radicle elongation and seedling fresh weight increase.
For Chili Pepper：
Spraying chili seedlings with 20–25 mg/L 6-Benzylaminopurine (6-BAP) after transplanting promotes normal growth under high-temperature stress.
For Cucumber：
Soaking seeds with 5 mg/L BAP for 24 hours delays the decline in root vitality and the increase in root electrical conductivity under waterlogging stress. This treatment helps maintain higher activities of protective enzymes and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) in cucumber seedlings, enhancing their resistance to waterlogging.
For Bupleurum (Chinese Thorowax)：
Soaking seeds with 50–100 mg/L BAP for 24 hours improves the germination rate of Bupleurum.
For Gladiolus：
Three methods effectively break dormancy and promote sprouting:
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Directly spraying bulbs with 1000 mg/L BAP solution;
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Soaking tubers in 200 mg/L BAP solution for 4 hours before planting;
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Soaking tubers in 10–50 mg/L BAP solution for 12–24 hours.
For Freesia：
Soaking corms with 10–40 mg/L BAP for 12–24 hours before planting breaks dormancy and stimulates germination.
For Acacia mangium：
Soaking seeds in 100 mg/L BAP solution for 10 minutes enhances germination rates.
For Dendrobium officinale (Iron-Packed Orchid)：
Foliar spraying red-stemmed Dendrobium officinale seedlings with 2 mg/L BAP increases the synthesis and accumulation of photosynthetic pigments and soluble sugars, mitigating salt stress damage.
